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A group of companions migrated to Abyssinia (shelter in other countries) to escape the persecution of the Quraish of Mecca. This was the first naval journey in the history of Islam. This expedition was completely civilian. Later, when the Islamic rule was established on the Arabian Peninsula, the formation of a military navy was needed in the interest of the security of the Muslim state. A strong in preventing the aggression of the Roman Empire, especiallyThe Navy was essential for the Islamic Khilafat. In the era of the second Caliph Omar of Islam, the first proposal to form the Navy was made by the Muslim commanders. But the political status of the Arabian Peninsula was not satisfactory as he rejected it. He believed that the political status of the Arabian Peninsula and the surrounding region was needed before the military activity was increased in the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean.
Ala ibn Hadrami during the reign of Omar (RA)The first navy took initiative. He formed a navy without the permission of the center and conducted military operations in the seaside area of Persia. But due to lack of experience and adequate preparation, the campaign failed. Omar (ra) dismissed him for the campaign without the permission of the center. In that area Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) was appointed. At that time, the governor of Syria and West Jordan was Mu'awiyah.He sought permission to form the Navy by explaining the fear of the Roman Empire's aggression. But Omar also rejected his proposal. Dr. Ali Rusan said, "In the era of Omar (RA), the Muslim border was prolonged to the wide regions of Egypt, Persia and Syria. Muslim forces were struggling to preserve this huge border. So he did not agree to open a new battlefield in the sea. It is the political foresight of Omar bin Khattab Proof. '
Omar bin Khattab (RA)-Then Usman (RA) sought permission to form the Navy again if the Caliph of the Muslim world was the Caliph of the Muslim world. Meanwhile, Alexandria, Egypt, led by Roman commander Manuel, was attacked and massacre. As a result, the demand for the formation of the Navy to preserve the navy of Islamic Khilafat was even stronger. He allowed the formation of protective forces. With the permission of Mu'awiyah (RA) to form a navy with full zeal Pay full attention. Shortly he was able to form a powerful navy. Muabiya (RA) appointed the war engineer of Egypt, Sham and Jordan to build the Navy. At that time, the people of Jordan were well known for their skills in the shipbuilding industry. The Byzantine Emperor built the shipbuilding center here. Mu'awiya (RA)-and chose the region to build ships. NavigableFor he started his journey from Akash. Shortly afterwards, shipbuilding centers were established in Egypt and Syria.
Historian Ibn Ishaq said, "There was no alternative to the formation of the Islamic Khilafat navy to counter the threat of the Byzantine Empire. Because the activities of the Roman forces across the Muslim border were making Muslim generals disturbing. The anarchy of Roman forces on the coast of Sham was increasing day by day. '
In addition to protecting boundaries, Islam propagates, Syria andOne of the goals of Egypt's political stability, the safety of Muslim ships in the Mediterranean, the expansion of naval trade, the domination of the Byzantine emperor was one of the goals of the formation of the Muslim Navy.
27 Hijri Muabiya (RA) operates the first navigation on the island of Karabas, Tunisia; Although he wants permission long ago for this expedition. Usman (RA) gave some conditions for this expedition; For example, Moabia (RA) accompanied his wifeGoing, no one can be forced to participate in the campaign, leaving forces and supplies to assist Muslim forces off the coast of Syria. Mu'awiyah succeeded in the expedition. The imprisonment was forced to establish a treaty on condition of paying taxes at a certain rate and breaking cooperation with the Byzantine Emperor. In addition to Mu'awiya (RA) and his wife, many of the dignitaries participated in the expedition; For example, Ubada bin Samit and hisWife Umm Haram (whom the Prophet (peace be upon him), Abu Ayub Ansari, Abu Jorba Gifari, Fujala bin Ubaid Ansari, Umra bin Saad, Saddad bin Aus, Mikadad (RA) were present.
After the conquest of the prison, the Muslim forces conquered Rhodes, Arwad and Coach Islands and reached the Crate and Sicily Islands in Italy. The Byzantine Emperor decided to fight to cope with the growing Muslim fighter.Finally, the war took place on 27 August 648, near the island of Phoenicia near Anatolia, Turkey. This is the first naval war in Muslim history. 200 warships participated in the war for the Muslim forces and led them Abdullah bin Abu Sarah (RA). On the other hand, 500 warships participated for the Byzantine Empire and its allies. Emperor II Constantin was led. WarAlthough the final victory was by the Muslim forces, their ships were severely damaged by the Byzantine forces. On the other hand, more than four hundred ships of the Byzantine forces were destroyed. This war ended the single authority of the Byzantine Emperor in the Mediterranean.
The Umayyad, Abbasid and Ottoman rulers then formed a powerful navy for military and commercial needs. From far-flung Portugal to the Naval Prabhu, the Indian OceanThe Islamic Empire was incorporated to the islands. During the Muabia, there was a shipbuilding factory in Damascus and Egypt. Muslim ships were 1700. At that time, Muslims raided Constantinpole twice.
**Why does this matter to us today?**
Because it's a powerful lesson in visionary leadership, strategic patience, and adapting to new challenges with faith and wisdom. It reminds us that growth often requires venturing into uncharted waters, both literally and metaphorically.
This is the kind of rich, nuanced history that inspires deep reflection.
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References: Articles: The emergence and evolution of the Muslim Navy in the era of Usman (RA), Al Mishkat, Rabiul Awal 1426 Hijri number, Jordan; Mauddu.com; Al Hayat.com; Wikipedia!
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