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New Research Challenges Hunga Tonga Volcano's Role in 2023–24 Global Warming!


Recent research, involving Texas A&M University's atmospheric scientist Dr. Andrew Dessler, is re-evaluating the climate impact of the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcano eruption, challenging prior assumptions about its effects.


The Hunga Tonga eruption, occurring in January 2022, released significant volcanic aerosols and water vapor into the atmosphere.

 
Unlike historical eruptions like Tambora (1815) and Mt. Pinatubo (1991) which led to global cooling by blocking sunlight, Hunga Tonga's underwater eruption added an unprecedented amount of water vapor into the stratosphere, increasing its water content by about 10%.


Initially, there was speculation that this could explain the extreme global warmth observed in 2023 and 2024 due to water vapor being a potent greenhouse gas.
However, findings published on July 24 in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres show the opposite.


The research team, including Dr. Mark Schoeberl from the Science and Technology Corporation and multiple NASA scientists, used NASA and NOAA satellite data to assess the Earth's energy balance.

 
Their analysis indicated that the eruption actually led to a cooling effect, as more energy left the climate system than entered it.


"Our paper dismisses the notion that the eruption caused the extreme warmth of 2023 and 2024," Dessler explained.


"The main culprits are greenhouse gases from human activities and the ongoing El Niño."The study emphasizes the importance of human-induced greenhouse gas emissions as the primary driver of climate change, countering misinformation about the causes of global warming.


Dr. Schoeberl highlighted the crucial role of sustained investment in satellite-based stratospheric measurements, cautioning against potential gaps in data as critical instruments age and are not replaced.


The research also raises new questions, such as the unexpectedly low sulfur dioxide levels from the eruption and its minimal impact on the 2023 ozone hole.

 
These findings suggest there is still much to learn about stratospheric processes.
The study underscores the need for ongoing research and precise data to address the complexities of climate change.


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#GrantHawkins , #TexasA&M #University
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